In our study, we use the term “alternative online political media”. This is an academic term that we spend time defining. But is meant by the common term, “alternative media?”.

It is important to say that there is no fixed and universal definition of alternative media. The term is often used as a loose umbrella to refer to a lot of different outlets that are actually very different from one another.

In some of our earlier commentary, we have used lots of different terms while we got to grips with the topic. A key part of the study has been to identify the different meanings and uses of the term “alternative”, and what they mean in relation to the “mainstream”.

Soon, we will be adding wikis to this page.

With this in mind, the outlets included in our formal study are as follows:

• The Canary

• The Skwawkbox

• Evolve Politics

• Novara Media

• Another Angry Voice

• Guido Fawkes

• Westmonster (Michael Heaver)

• Breitbart London

• Conservative Woman.